FreeBSD has a FUSE kernel module (Filesystems in User Space, I think),which allows it to use other filesystems – in user space –than it would normally do. Today it saved my bacon.

You need a specific fuse driver for each file system type, as the point of fuse is to have the file system code running in user-land. So any pre-existing kernel driver code, running in kernel-land (ext2, ext3, ext4, xfs.) can't be used 'as-is' by fuse. You appear to be idle. Please save your work now and continue, or you will automatically be logged out in 5 minutes! FUSE User mode file system on Windows. Filesystem in User SpacE (FUSE) is a software interface for developing file systems in user-mode without complexity of kernel interface programming. Crossmeta FUSE provides the same reference Linux FUSE API, so that programs can be ported with no or very little modifications. FUSE file system daemons must be modified so that they request perfused to perform the mount(2) system call instead of doing it on their own. This is done by replacing mount(2) and the open(2) calls for /dev/fuse with perfusemount and perfuseopen, respectively, in their sources.

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I do a lot of development work on a FreeBSD machine, withLinux as the target platform: that’s what you get (punishment?) forwriting Linux installers, I guess. I have a handful ofdevelopment and test VMs, all in VirtualBox, all witha ZFS volume (a reserved chunk of disk) as virtual disk.This normally gives me a lot of freedom in what I dowith my VM’s HDDs: I can manipulate them easily fromthe host system. For testing purposes, that’s usually eitherzeroing them out or putting some partition table on them beforehand.

For whatever reason, today VirtualBox was giving meno end of trouble: as I boot each Linux VM, it getsa ton of I/O errors reading the disk, then ends up wedgedsomewhere in what looks like Plymouth in the guest, and then VBox tellsme there was an error and gives up on the VM.It’s not physical I/O errors, since I can readall the data from the ZFS volume with dd, but howcan I reach the data?

Enter FUSE, along with the port fusefs-ext2. Getting the softwareup-and-running (for an ad-hoc need-data-now session) took two steps.For good measure, I also installed e2fsprogs, which allows meto debug ext2 (and three, and four) filesystems from the hostsystem as well.

Voila!

My ZFS volumes are regular “disk” devices for all intents and purposes:GEOM (the disk subsystem) recognizes that they are GPT or MBR partitioned and putsper-partition (“slice” in BSD jargon) files under /dev/zvolas needed. So from the FreeBSD host I can do:

To (respectively) double-check that the disk contains what I expect(fdisk tells me it’s a GPT disk, which I should have guessed fromthe p1 partition naming), fsck the filesystem (now thatVirtualBox has flipped out over it), and mount it read-only (to get at the data I need).

To give this a teensy bit of a KDE spin, there’s also a port fusefs-smbnetfswhich exposes Samba to FUSE, and which can then be used from Dolphinto FUSE-mount network shares – if I were a more avid Dolphin user,and less of a now-satisfied-I-can-get-my-data-from-the-command-line user,I might go looking if FUSE-mounting zvols in general can be done from Dolphin.

Mac OS X supports a handful of common file systems—HFS+, FAT32, and exFAT, with read-only support for NTFS. It can do this because the file systems are supported by the OS X kernel. Formats such as Ext3 for Linux systems are not readable, and NTFS can’t be written to. But that doesn’t mean that there aren’t occasions when you’d want to use one of them. With FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace) you can.

FUSE mimics the kernel’s handling of file systems and allows OS X to both interact with unsupported formats and use many other storage routines, some of which are rather creative. With FUSE, such formats can be handled very similarly to natively supported file systems and allow you to interact with drives your Mac otherwise could not read to or write from. Here’s how you can put FUSE to work.

What is FUSE?

FUSE works by providing a behind-the-scenes interface between Apple’s storage routines and specially programmed modules that you install on your Mac. These modules can read various storage formats, and then, with FUSE’s help, can be mounted and accessed as a drive-like storage medium. For instance, if you have several cloud-based storage accounts, you can write a small module that will connect all of these services with FUSE. You can then mount them as a single volume on the system, much like you’d plugged in a USB drive.

FUSE has its limitations, however. File system access performs less well than with native kernel support, for example. On the other hand it offers vast flexibility in storage options. For instance, in addition to using multiple Web storage services as a single drive, FUSE modules have been written to use PNG image files for storing drive data. In this case a mounted storage device’s data will be spread out among a number of garbled PNG images (a perhaps amusing, but frankly bizarre, way to manage your files).

These approaches are experimental and fun, but FUSE does have useful options that allow you to expand your Mac’s file system support beyond the natively supported formats, including allowing access to Ext3 drives, full NTFS support, and even letting you mount SFTP shares as local drives.

To get started, download and install FUSE for OS X. Once installed, you can install the desired module for the various file systems you would like to manage on your Mac. Keep in mind that some modules are well tested and regularly used, while others might not be. And some are more integrated in OS X while others will require Terminal commands to mount their file systems.

FUSE and NTFS

For NTFS support, one of the more popular FUSE modules is NTFS-3G, an open-source package from Tuxera. To acquire it you have several options. You can download an older precompiled version of NTFS-3G. The more technically inclined can download and compile the latest source code either directly from Tuxera or by using a package manager like MacPorts or Fink.

Once installed, an attached NTFS drive should be automatically recognized and mounted using NTFS-3G and FUSE. In addition, you should be able to format drives as NTFS using Disk Utility.

Using Ext3

For Linux Ext2 and Ext3 file systems, you can use the fuse-ext2 module, and then mount Ext2 and Ext3 drives using Terminal (automatic mounting and managing in Disk Utility is not yet supported). Follow these steps:

1. Install the ext2 FUSE module.

2. Enable Disk Utility’s Debug menu, using the following command in Terminal, followed by opening Disk Utility and choosing the option in the Debug menu to show all partitions:

defaults write com.apple.DiskUtility DUDebugMenuEnabled 1

3. Attach your ext2/ext3 drive and when it appears in Disk Utility (grayed out), select the volume and press Command-I to produce its Information window. In this window note the device name, which should be something like “disk2s2,” or “disk3s2.”

4. Create a new folder somewhere in your user account to use as a mount point for the drive (I recommend a folder called “mount” directly in your home folder).

5. Mount the drive using the following Terminal command syntax, replacing the device name and mount path with that of your disk and the path to the mount folder you created:

Macos Fuse Ext4

fuse-ext2 /dev/disk2s2 /Volumes/mountpoint

This will mount the drive as read-only, but you can use the “-o force” flag in the following manner to implement write support:

fuse-ext2 -o force /dev/disk2s2 /Volumes/mountpoint

After performing these steps, the ext2/ext3 drive will be fully accessible from the folder you created and specified to use as the mount point.